Why Does Manolin Decide That He Will Once Again Fish With Santiago

The Old Human and the Sea Summary and assay

There is an erstwhile fisherman in Cuba, Santiago, who has gone eighty-4 days without a take hold of. He is "thin and gaunt with deep wrinkles in the dorsum of his cervix,...and his hands had deep-creased scars from handling heavy fish on the cords. But none of these scars were fresh. They were as old as erosions in a fishless desert" (10). Santiago's lack of success, though, does not destroy his spirit, as his "cheerful and undefeated" eyes evidence (x). He has a single friend, a boy named Manolin, who helped him during the starting time forty days of his dryspell. After xl days, though, Manolin'south parents decided the old man was unlucky and ordered their son to bring together another gunkhole. Despite this, the male child helps the old human to bring in his empty boat every day.

The Old Man and the Bounding main Summary
At that place is an quondam fisherman in Republic of cuba, Santiago, who has gone eighty-iv days without a catch. He is "thin and gaunt with deep wrinkles in the back of his cervix,...and his easily had deep-creased scars from handling heavy fish on the cords. But none of these scars were fresh. They were every bit one-time every bit erosions in a fishless desert" (10). Santiago's lack of success, though, does not destroy his spirit, as his "cheerful and undefeated" eyes evidence (ten). He has a single friend, a boy named Manolin, who helped him during the get-go 40 days of his dryspell. Afterwards twoscore days, though, Manolin's parents decided the old man was unlucky and ordered their son to join another boat. Despite this, the boy helps the old man to bring in his empty boat every day.
Santiago tells Manolin that tomorrow he will go out far in the Gulf to fish. The two get together Santiago'south things from his boat and go to the old human being's house. His firm is very unproblematic with a bed, table, and chair on a clay floor. The two friends speak for a while, then Manolin leaves briefly to get food. Santiago falls asleep.
When Manolin returns, he wakes Santiago. The ii consume the nutrient the male child has brought. During the class of the meal, the boy realizes the squalor in which the former man lives and reminds himself to bring the old man a shirt, shoes, a jacket, and a coating for the coming winter. Manolin and Santiago talk baseball for a while, and the male child and then leaves to exist woken in the morning past the sometime man. Santiago sleeps.
Santiago dreams of Africa, where he traveled as a shipmate in his youth. "He lived along that coast at present every night and in his dreams he heard the surf roar and saw the native boats come riding through it....He dreamed of places now and lions on the beach" (24). The sometime man wakes and retrieves the boy from his house. The ii take the old homo'southward supplies from his shack to his gunkhole and relish coffee at an early morning place that serves fisherman. The boy leaves to fetch the sardines for the one-time man. When he returns, he wishes the old homo luck, and Santiago goes out to sea.
Santiago leaves shore early in the morning, before sunrise. "He knew he was going far out and he left the smell of the land behind and rowed out into the clean early morning time smell of the ocean" (28). Soon, Santiago rows over the "great well," a sudden drop of seven hundred fathoms where shrimp, allurement fish, and squid congregate. Moving along, Santiago spots flying fish and birds, expressing great sympathy for the latter. As he queries, "Why did they make birds so delicate and fine as those bounding main swallows when the ocean can be so cruel? She is kind and very beautiful. Merely she can be then cruel...." (29).
Santiago keeps pressing out, by the great well where he has been recently unsuccessful. Santiago sees a man-of-state of war bird overhead and notices that the bird has spied something in the h2o. The sometime human follows near the bird, and drops his own lines into the area, hoping to capture the fish the bird has seen. At that place is a big school of dolphin traveling fast, too fast for either the bird or Santiago to capture. Santiago moves on, hoping to catch a stray or perhaps fifty-fifty discover a marlin tracking the school. He catches a minor tuna after not too long and then feels a bite on i of his deeper lines.
The first bite is hard, and the stick to which the line is connected drops sharply. The next tug is more tentative, merely Santiago knows exactly what it is. "Ane hundred fathoms down a marlin was eating the sardines that covered the point and the shank of the hook where the hand-forged hook projected from the head of the small tuna" (41). Encouraged by a seize with teeth at so deep a depth then far out in the Gulf, Santiago reasons that the fish much be very big.
The marlin nibbles around the hook for some time, refusing to take the bait fully. Santiago speaks aloud, as if to cajole the fish into accepting the bait. He says, "Come up on....Brand another plough. Just smell them. Aren't they lovely? Eat them good now and and then there is the tuna. Hard and common cold and lovely. Don't exist shy fish. Eat them" (42). After many false bites, the marlin finally takes the tuna and pulls out a neat length of line.
Santiago waits a bit for the marlin to swallow the hook so pulls hard on the line to bring the marlin upwards to the surface. The fish is strong, though, and does not come up. Instead, he swims abroad, dragging the erstwhile man and his skiff along behind. Santiago wishes he had Manolin with him to help.
Equally the sun goes down, the marlin continues on in the same direction, and Santiago loses sight of land altogether. Expressing his resolve, Santiago says, "Fish,...I'll stay with you until I am dead" (52). He expresses ambivalence over whether he wants the fish to jump, wanting to end the struggle as quickly as possible but worrying that the claw might slip out of the fish's oral fissure. Echoing his former resolve though with less certainty, Santiago says, "Fish,...I dear you lot and respect you very much. Only I will kill you dead earlier this day ends" (54).
A small bird country on the gunkhole, and while Santiago is speaking to the bird, the marlin lurches frontwards and pulls the one-time man down, cutting his mitt. Lowering his manus to h2o to clean it, Santiago notices that the marlin has slowed down. He decides to eat a tuna he has caught in club to give him strength for his ordeal. Every bit he is cutting the fish, though, his left hand cramps. "What kind of hand is that," Santiago says, "Balk and then if you want. Make yourself into a claw. It volition practise you no proficient" (58). The quondam homo eats the tuna, hoping it volition renew his strength and help release his hand.
Merely then, the marlin comes out of the water apace and descends into the water once again. Santiago is amazed by its size, two anxiety longer than the skiff. He realizes that the marlin could destroy the gunkhole if he wanted to and says, "...[T]hank God, they are not every bit intelligent every bit we who impale them; although they are more than noble and more able" (63). Santiago says prayers to assuage his worried heart, and settles into the hunt once again.
Equally the sun sets, Santiago thinks back to triumphs of his past in lodge to give himself more than confidence in the nowadays. He remembers a dandy arm-wrestling match he had at a tavern in Casablanca. It had lasted a full day and a night, merely Santiago, El Campeon (The Champion) as he was known then, eventually won. "He decided that he could beat anyone if he wanted to desperately plenty and he decided that information technology was bad for his right paw for fishing" (70). He tried to wrestle with his left hand simply it was a traitor then as it had been at present.
Recalling his exhaustion, Santiago decides that he must sleep some if he is to kill the marlin. He cuts up the dolphin he has caught to foreclose spoiling, and eats some of it before contriving a fashion to sleep. Santiago wraps the line around himself and leans against the bow to anchor himself, leaving his left hand on the rope to wake him if the marlin lurches. Soon, the sometime human being is asleep, dreaming of a school of porpoises, his village house, and finally of the lions of his youth on the African beach.
Santiago is awoken past the line rushing furiously through his right hand. The marlin leaps out of the water and it is all the erstwhile human being tin do to concord onto the line, at present cutting his hand badly and dragging him down to the bottom of the skiff. Santiago finds his residue, though, and realizes that the marlin has filled the air sacks on his back and cannot go deep to die. The marlin will circle and then the endgame will begin.
At sunrise, the marlin begins a large circle. Santiago holds the line strongly, pulling it in slowly equally the marlin goes circular. At the 3rd turn, Santiago sees the fish and is amazed by its size. He readies the harpoon and pulls the line in more. The marlin tries desperately to pull abroad. Santiago, no longer able to speak for lack of water, thinks, "You are killing me, fish....But yous have a right to. Never have I seen a greater, or more beautiful, or a calmer or more noble affair than you lot, blood brother. Come up on and kill me. I practise non intendance who kills you" (92). This marlin continues to circumvolve, coming closer and pulling out. At terminal it is next to the skiff, and Santiago collection his harpoon into the marlin's chest.
"Then the fish came alive, with his death in him, and rose high out of the water showing all his great length and width and all his power and his beauty" (94). It crashed into the sea, blinding Santiago with a shower of ocean spray. With the glimpse of vision he had, Santiago saw the slain beast laying on its back, blood-red blood disseminating into the azure water. Seeing his prize, Santiago says, "I am a tired onetime man. Merely I accept killed this fish which is my blood brother and now I must do the slave work" (95).
Having killed the Marlin, Santiago lashes its body alongside his skiff. He pulls a line through the marlin'due south gills and out its rima oris, keeping its head most the bow. "I want to see him, he thought, and to bear upon and to feel him. He is my fortune, he thought" (95). Having secured the marlin to the skiff, Santiago draws the sail and lets the trade air current push him toward the southwest.
An hour after Santiago killed the marlin, a mako shark appears. It had followed the trail of blood the slain marlin left in its wake. As the shark approaches the boat, Santiago prepares his harpoon, hoping to kill the shark before it tears apart the marlin. "The shark'southward head was out of h2o and his dorsum was coming out and the sometime man could hear the noise of skin and flesh ripping on the large fish when he rammed the harpoon downwards onto the shark's head" (102). The dead shark slowly sinks into the deep body of water water.
2 hours later, ii shovel-nosed sharks arrive at the skiff. Subsequently losing his harpoon to the mako, Santiago fastens his knife to the end of the oar and now wields this against the sharks. He kills the first shark easily, but while he does this, the other shark is ripping at the marlin underneath the boat. Santiago lets get of the sheet to swing broadside and reveal the shark underneath. After some struggle, he kills this shark as well.
Santiago apologizes to the fish for the mutilation he has suffered. He admits, "I shouldn't have gone out so far, fish....Neither for you nor for me. I am pitiful, fish" (110). Tired and losing promise, Santiago sits and waits for the adjacent attacker, a unmarried shovel-nosed shark. The old man succeeds in killing the fish simply breaks his knife blade in the process.
More sharks announced at sunset and Santiago only has a lodge with which to beat them away. He does not kill the sharks, but damages them enough to prevent their render. Santiago and so looks forward to nightfall as he will exist able to come across the lights of Havana, guiding him dorsum to state. He regrets non having cleaved off the marlin'south sword to apply every bit a weapon when he had the pocketknife and apologizes again to the fish. At effectually 10 o'clock, he sees the calorie-free of Havana and steers toward it.
In the night, the sharks render. "[B]y midnight he fought and this time he knew the fight was useless. They came in a pack and he could only see the lines in the h2o their fins made and their phosphorescence as they threw themselves on the fish" (118). He clubs desperately at the fish, just the society was soon taken away past a shark. Santiago grabs the tiller and attacks the sharks until the tiller breaks. "That was the last shark of the pack that came. There was zero more for them to eat" (119).
Santiago "sailed lightly at present and he had no thoughts nor whatever feelings of any kind" (119). He concentrates purely on steering homewards and ignores the sharks that came to gnaw on the marlin's bones. When he arrives at the harbor, everyone is comatose. Santiago steps out of the boat, conveying the mast back to his shack. "He started to climb again and at the summit he roughshod and lay for some time with the mast across his shoulder. He tried to become upwards. But it was too hard and he sat at that place with the mast on his shoulder and looked at the road" (121). When he finally arose, he had to sit five times earlier reaching home. Arriving at his shack, Santiago complanate on his bed and roughshod asleep.
Manolin arrives at the shack while Santiago is however comatose. The boy leaves quickly to become some coffee for Santiago, crying on his way to the Terrace. Manolin sees fisherman gathered around the skiff, measuring the marlin at xviii feet long. When Manolin returns to the shack, Santiago is awake. The two speak for a while, and Manolin says, "Now nosotros will fish together again," To which Santiago replies, "No. I am not lucky. I am non lucky anymore" (125). Manolin objects, "The hell with luck....I'll bring the luck with me" (125). Santiago acquiesces and Manolin leaves to fetch food and a shirt.
That afternoon at that place are tourists on the Terrace. A female tourist sees the skeleton of the marlin moving in the tide. Not recognizing the skeleton, she asks the waiter what it is. He responds in broken English language "eshark," thinking she wants to know what happened. She comments to her partner that she didn't know sharks had such beautiful tails. Meanwhile, dorsum in Santiago'south shack, the sometime human "was still sleeping on his face and the boy was sitting by him watching him. The one-time homo was dreaming about lions" (127).

Major Themes
Unity
Hemingway spends a proficient deal of time drawing connections between Santiago and his natural environment: the fish, birds, and stars are all his brothers or friends, he has the heart of a turtle, eats turtle eggs for strength, drinks shark liver oil for wellness, etc. Also, apparently contradictory elements are repeatedly shown equally aspects of one unified whole: the ocean is both kind and cruel, feminine and masculine; the Portuguese man of war is beautiful but deadly; the mako shark is noble just cruel. The novella's premise of unity helps succor Santiago in the midst of his great tragedy. For Santiago, success and failure are two equal facets of the same being. They are transitory forms which capriciously make it and depart without affecting the underlying unity between himself and nature. As long as he focuses on this unity and sees himself as part of nature rather than as an external antagonist competing with it, he cannot be defeated by any misfortunes befall him.
Heroism
Triumph over crushing adversity is the heart of heroism, and in order for Santiago the fisherman to exist a heroic emblem for humankind, his tribulations must be awe-inspiring. Triumph, though, is never final, equally Santiago's successful slaying of the marlin shows, else there would be no reason to include the terminal thirty pages of the volume. Hemingway vision of heroism is Sisyphean, requiring continuous labor for substantially ephemeral ends. What the hero does is to face adversity with nobility and grace, hence Hemingway'south Neo-Stoic emphasis on cocky-control and the other facets of his thought of manhood. What we achieve or fail at externally is not as significant to heroism as comporting ourselves with inner nobility. As Santiago says, "[M]an is not fabricated for defeat....A man can be destroyed but not defeated" (103).
Manhood
Hemingway'south platonic of manhood is most inseparable from the ideal of heroism discussed in a higher place. To be a human being is to behave with honor and nobility: to not succumb to suffering, to have one'southward duty without complaint and, virtually importantly, to display a maximum of self-control. The representation of femininity, the sea, is characterized expressly by its caprice and lack of self-control; "if she did wild or wicked things information technology was because she could non assistance them" (30). The representation of masculinity, the marlin, is described as "great," "beautiful," "calm," and "noble," and Santiago steels himself confronting his pain by telling himself to "suffer similar a human being. Or a fish," referring to the marlin (92). In Hemingway's upstanding universe, Santiago shows the states non only how to live life heroically but in a manner befitting a man.
Pride
While important, Hemingway'southward handling of pride in the novella is ambivalent. A heroic man like Santiago should have pride in his actions, and as Santiago shows us, "humility was not disgraceful and it carried no loss of true pride" (xiv). At the aforementioned, though, it is manifestly Santiago's pride which presses him to travel dangerously far out into the ocean, "beyond all people in the earth," to catch the marlin (50). While he loved the marlin and called him brother, Santiago admits to killing it for pride, his blood stirred by battle with such a noble and worthy antagonist. Some have interpreted the loss of the marlin as the cost Santiago had to pay for his pride in traveling out and so far in search of such a catch. Contrarily, one could argue that this pride was beneficial as it allowed Santiago an edifying challenge worthy of his heroism. In the cease, Hemingway suggests that pride in a chore well done, even if pride drew one unnecessarily into the situation, is a positive trait.
Success
Hemingway draws a distinction between two different types of success: outer, material success and inner, spiritual success. While Santiago conspicuously lacks the former, the import of this lack is eclipsed by his possession of the latter. Ane manner to describe Santiago's story is as a triumph of indefatigable spirit over exhaustible material resources. Equally noted higher up, the characteristics of such a spirit are those of heroism and manhood. That Santiago tin end the novella undefeated afterward steadily losing his hard-earned, most valuable possession is a testament to the privileging of inner success over outer success.
Worthiness
Beingness heroic and manly are non merely qualities of graphic symbol which i possesses or does not. One must constantly demonstrate one's heroism and manliness through actions conducted with dignity. Interestingly, worthiness cannot exist conferred upon oneself. Santiago is obsessed with proving his worthiness to those around him. He had to prove himself to the male child: "the thousand times he had proved information technology mean nothing. Now he was proving it again. Each fourth dimension was a new time and he never idea about the past when he was doing information technology" (66). And he had to prove himself to the marlin: "I'll kill him....in all his greatness and glory. Although it is unjust. Just I will show him what a man can practice and what a man endures" (66). A heroic and manly life is non, then, i of inner peace and self-sufficiency; information technology requires constant demonstration of one's worthiness through noble action.
Santiago as Christ
Manolin has an almost religious devotion to Santiago, underscored when Manolin begs Santiago's pardon for his not fishing with the old man anymore. Manolin says, "It was Papa fabricated me leave. I am a boy and I must obey him," to which Santiago replies, "I know... It is quite normal. He hasn't much religion" (10). Manolin's father forced his son to switch to a more successful boat afterward 40 days had passed without a catch for Santiago; this is the corporeality of time Jesus wandered in the desert, tempted by Satan.
Just equally Christ resisted the temptation of the devil, Santiago resists the temptation of giving in to his exhaustion as he battles the marlin. "It was a not bad temptation to residual in the bow and let the fish make one circle by himself without recovering any line." Just he is committed to beating the fish, to proving his strength is more steadfast, thinking, "He'll be up presently and I tin can terminal. You accept to last. Don't even speak of it."

Character List
Santiago
Santiago is the protagonist of the novella. He is an former fisherman in Cuba who, at the beginning of the book, has not caught anything for eighty-four days. The novella follows Santiago'due south quest for the bang-up take hold of that will relieve his career. Santiago endures a great struggle with a uncommonly large and noble marlin only to lose the fish to rapacious sharks on his way back to state. Despite this loss, Santiago ends the novel with his spirit undefeated. Depending on your reading of the novel, Santiago represents Hemingway himself, searching for his adjacent great book; an Everyman, heroic in the confront of human tragedy; or the Oedipal male unconscious trying to slay his male parent, the marlin, in order to sexually possess his mother, the ocean.
Manolin
Manolin is Santiago'southward only friend and companion. Santiago taught Manolin to fish, and the boy used to get out to sea with the one-time man until his parents objected to Santiago's bad luck. Manolin all the same helps Santiago pull in his boat in the evenings and provides the old human being with nutrient and allurement when he needs it. Manolin is the reader's surrogate in the novel, affectionate Santiago's heroic spirit and skill despite his outward lack of success.
The Marlin
Although he does not speak and we do not accept access to his thoughts, the marlin is certainly an important character in the novella. The marlin is the fish Santiago spends the majority of the novel tracking, killing, and attempting to bring to shore. The marlin is larger and more spirited than any Santiago has ever seen. Santiago idealizes the marlin, ascribing to it traits of great dignity, a fish to which he must show his ain nobility if he is to exist worthy to take hold of information technology. Again, depending on your reading, the marlin can represent the corking book Hemingway is trying to write, the threatened father of Santiago'south Oedipus, or just the dramatic foil to Santiago's heroism.
The Sea
As its title suggests, the sea is a primal grapheme in the novella. Most of the story takes identify on the sea, and Santiago is constantly identified with it and its creatures; his sea-colored eyes reverberate both the sea's quiet and power, and its inhabitants are his brothers. Santiago refers to the sea equally a woman, and the sea seems to stand for the feminine complement to Santiago's masculinity. The ocean might also be seen every bit the unconscious from which creative ideas are drawn.

Glossary of Terms

albacore
A big pelagic tuna with long pectoral fins.
bodega
A small Hispanic grocery.
bonito
Any of several marine food and game fishes of the genus Sarda, related to the tuna.
coagulate
To congeal, every bit a fluid.
cumulus
A type of cloud characterized by dense individual elements in the form of puffs, mounds, or towers.
fathom
A nautical measurement equal to six feet.
filament
A long, slender serial of attached cells, as in some algae and fungi.
gaff
A large iron hook fastened to a pole, used to catch large fish.
gunwale
The upper edge of the side of a boat.
iridescent
Having many lustrous colors similar the rainbow.
loggerhead
A rounded post, in the stern of a fishing boat, around which the harpoon line is passed.
mako
A mackerel shark.
oakum
Loosely twisted hemp or jute cobweb filled with tar, used in caulking seams and packing joints.
phosphorescence
The persistent emission of light without burning, post-obit exposure to radiations.
plankton
A mass of floating organisms, primarily microscopic algae and protozoa.
rapier
A small sword used for thrusting.
sargasso weed
Any seaweed of the genus Sargassum, normally known as gulfweed.
scythe
An agricultural tool with a long, curving bract fastened at an angle to a handle.
skiff
A flatbottomed open up boat with a pointed bow and a foursquare stern.
tern
An aquatic bird related to a dupe but usually with a more slender body and bill, and smaller feet.
ملخص بالعربي لقصة الشيخ والبحر the old human and the sea
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